IJLSSR,VOLUME 3, ISSUE 1, JANUARY 2017 : 838-843

    
Research Article (Open Access)

Comparative Study of Some Ethnomedicinal Plants among the Tribals of Datia and Sheopurkalan District (M.P.)

Akanksha Singhal1*, R. K. Khare2, Rajani Yadav1
1Research Scholar, Department of Botany, SMS Govt. Model Science College, Gwalior, India
2Professor, Department of Botany, SMS Govt. Model Science College, Gwalior, India

*Address for Correspondence: Akanksha Singhal, Research Scholar, Department of Botany, S. M. S. Govt. Model Science College, Gwalior, India
Received: 13 November 2016/Revised: 04 December 2016/Accepted: 28 December 2016

ABSTRACT- The term Ethnobotany was first used by Harshberger (1895) and its scope was much elaborated later. Ethnobotany, as an organized discipline of study in India, is rather young, just about five decades old. A number of ethnobotanists of the world have conducted comparative ethno botanical studies on different ethnic groups and different geographical regions. The comparative ethnobotany is helpful in understanding the plant use patterns and factors that affect the use of plants among different populations inhabiting different environments. During the last two decades a number of comparative ethno botanical studies have been conducted in many regions of the world. The present research work was carried out in 19 villages of 4 blocks of Datia district and 41 villages of 5 blocks of Sheopurkalan district. The research work was carried out from January 2012 to October 2015. A total of 35 plant species were reported from both the study regions. As a result of comparative study of medicinal plants it was observed that 23 plant species are used for the treatment of dissimilar diseases in Datia and Sheopurkalan districts, while 12 plant species are used for similar diseases in Datia and Sheopurkalan districts.
Key-Words- Ethnobotany, Datia, Sheopurkalan, Comparative study

INTRODUCTION- The term Ethnobotany was first used [1] and its scope was much elaborated later. Ethnobotany, as an organized discipline of study in India, is rather young, just about five decades old. The first bibliography of Ethnobotany in India was published in the early eighties. The term Ethnobotany has often been considered synonymous with traditional medicines or with economic botany. In India alone, three traditional systems of medicines, namely Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani are distinguished [2-3].
A comparative study of ethnomedicinal plants of Datia and Sheopurkalan provide very useful and interesting results. Because the concept of plant uses differs among different people, ethnobotany has become a more important subject.
In comparative ethno-botanical studies ethnobotany of two or more ethnic groups or ethnobotany of two or more geographical regions can be compared. A number of ethnobotanists of the world have conducted comparative ethno botanical studies on different ethnic groups and different geographical regions. The comparative ethnobotany is helpful in understanding the plant use patterns and factors that affect the use of plants among different populations inhabiting different environments. During the last two decades a number of comparative ethno botanical studies have been conducted in many regions of the world.
Leporatti and Ghedira [4] presented comparative analysis of medicinal plants in traditional medicine in Italy and Tunisia. Hart Kimberly Hamblin [5] reported cladistic approach to comparative ethnobotany: dye plants of the South Western United State. Moerman et al. [6] studied a comparative analysis of five medicinal floras. Alfred Maroyi and Cheikh [7] conducted a comparative study of medicinal plants in rural areas of Namibia and Zimbabwe. Kimberly Hutton [8] presented a comparative study of plants used for medicinal purposes by the Creek and Seminole tribes.
Mallik et al. [9] presented a comparative analysis of medicinal plants used by folk medicinal healers in three districts of Bangladesh. Vanderbroek et al. [10] studied a comparison of traditional healers medicinal plant knowledge in the Bolivian Andes and Amazon.

MATERIALS AND METHODS-
Study Area and Data Collection- The present research work was carried out in 19 villages of 4 blocks of Datia district and 41 villages of 5 blocks of Sheopurkalan district. The research work was started from January 2012 to October 2015. During present study 51 key informants in Datia and 111 key informants in Sheopurkalan district were selected on the recommendation of knowledgeable elders and local authorities.
The Datia district is the smallest district of Madhya Pradesh. It occupies 2902 sq. Km. out of 308,245 sq. Km. of Madhya Pradesh. It has 786,754 total populations according to the census of 2011. The main body of the district extends between the parallels of latitude 25°33' and 26°18' N and the meridians of longitude 78°13' and 78°51' E. The district is bounded by Bhind and Gwalior districts in the North, Shivpuri district of M.P. and Jhansi district of U.P. in the South, Gwalior and Shivpuri in the West and Bhind district in the East [11].
The Sheopurkalan district is located in the North western part of Madhya Pradesh is the central province of India. It occupies 6606 sq. Km. out of 308,245 sq. Km. of Madhya Pradesh. It has 687,861 total populations according to the census 2011. The Sheopurkalan district is lying between 25°15' and 25°45' N latitude and 76°22' and 77°64' E longitude [12].
Many plant species were collected during walk with informants in different villages. In cases where the informants were interview at their homes, the specimens of medicinal plants were collected shortly after the interview. The voucher specimens were collected with the help of informants and local people. The plant specimen were collected, dried, preserved and mounted on herbarium sheets. The voucher specimen numbers was assigned as EBH D and EBH S number. The voucher specimens were identified with the help of flora of Madhya Pradesh and flora of Upper Gangetic Plain [13].

Semi structured Interview- In semi-structured interview method the informants were asked prepared questions about the use of plants. Some questions which arose during conversation were also taken into account [14].

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
During the survey a total of 35 medicinal plant species were reported in Datia and Sheopurkalan districts. These plant species are used for different diseases or ailments. The result of comparative study of medicinal plants reported from Datia and Sheopurkalan is shown in following Table 1 [15-26].

Table 1: Comparative study of medicinal plants in Datia and Sheopurkalan districts

S.No Name of plant species Family Study Area Local name Plant part used Disease treated
1. Acalypha indicaLinn. Euphorbiaceae Datia Kuppi Leaves Rashes, Pimples, Burnt area
Sheopurkalan Kuppi Leaves Cough
2. Achyranthes aspera Linn. Amarantaceae Datia Adhijhara Leaves Jaundice
Sheopurkalan Chirchita Leaves, Fruit Asthma, Dysentery
3. Adhatoda vasica Nees Acanthaceae Datia Arusa Leaves Diarrhoea
Sheopurkalan Rusa Leaves, Whole Plant Cold & Cough, Constipation
4. Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa Rutaceae Datia Bel Fruit, Leaves Diarrhoea, Diabetes
Sheopurkalan Bilpatra Fruit, Leaves Stomachache, Diabetes
5. Ageratum conyzoides Linn. Asteraceae Datia Kobhi Leaves Diarrhoea & Dysentery
Sheopurkalan Kobhi Leaves Eye Lotion, Wounds
6. Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Simaroubaceae Datia Arlu Leaves Clean Wounds
Sheopurkalan Maharukh, Mahanimb Bark, Leaves Asthma, Earache
7. Alternanthera sessilis DC. Amaranthaceae Datia Kateeli Whole plant Lactation in cattle
Sheopurkalan Jaljamini Whole plant Gonorrhoea
8. Bauhinia purpurea Linn. Caesalpiniaceae Datia Kachnar Bark, Leaf Mouth ulcer & Malaria
Sheopurkalan Kachnar Bark, Leaf Mouth ulcer & Malaria
9. Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. Asclepiadaceae Datia Akaua Leaves Discharging the pus
Sheopurkalan Akada Bark, root Dysentery, Eczema
10. Cassia tora Linn. Caesalpiniaceae Datia Chakunda Leaves Blemish skin, dark spot
Sheopurkalan Chakunda Seeds Cough
11. Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban. Apiaceae Datia Brahmi Whole plant Diarrhoea & dysentery
Sheopurkalan Brahmi Whole plant Memory booster
12. Cleome gynandra Linn. Capparaceae Datia Hulhul Leaves Earache
Sheopurkalan Hulhul Leaves Earache
13. Clitoria ternatea Linn. Papilionaceae Datia Gokharni Root Rheumatism
Sheopurkalan Gokurna Leaves Eyes, Urinary disorders
14. Cocculus hirsutus (Linn.) Diels. Menispermaceae Datia Jamtikibel Whole plant Rheumatism
Sheopurkalan Jamtikibel Root Stomachache
15. Drypetes roxburgii (Wall.) Hurusawa. Euphorbiaceae Datia Putranjiva Seeds Headache
Sheopurkalan Putranjiva Leaves Fever, Rheumatism
16. Echinops echinatus Roxb. Asteraceae Datia Gokru Fruit Headache
Sheopurkalan Ootkanta Root Childbirth
17. Grewia asiatica Linn. Tiliaceae Datia Phalsa Leaves Wounds
Sheopurkalan Phalsa Root Rheumatism
18. Holoptelia integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. Ulmaceae Datia Chirol Bark, Leaves Rashes & black spot
Sheopurkalan Chural Bark, Leaves Rashes & black spot
19. Indigofera tinctoria Linn. Papilionaceae Datia Neel Root Urinary disorder
Sheopurkalan Gauchi Whole plant Nervous disorder
20. Lantana camara Linn. Verbenaceae Datia Guldhana Leaves Wounds
Sheopurkalan Ganeri Leaves Wounds
21. Mimusops elengi Linn. Sapotaceae Datia Morsali Flower Wounds
Sheopurkalan Maulsari Bark Ulcers
22. Momordica dioica Roxb. ex Wild. Cucurbitaceae Datia Janglikarela Root Fever
Sheopurkalan Kakora Root Piles
23. Morus indica Linn. Moraceae Datia Janglishetut Leaves Blood purification
Sheopurkalan Tula Leaves Blood purification
24. Nycthanthus arbor-tristis Linn. Nycthanthaceae Datia Harsinghar Seeds Cough
Sheopurkalan Siyari Seeds Cough
25. Oxalis corniculata Linn. Oxalidaceae Datia Khatibuti Whole plant Dysentery
Sheopurkalan Kahtibuti Whole plant Dysentery
26. Prosopis spicigera Linn. Mimosaceae Datia Chekur Bark Rheumatism
Sheopurkalan Chaundra Bark Rheumatism
27. Psidium guajava Linn. Myrtaceae Datia Amrood Fruit Diarrhoea
Sheopurkalan Jamphal Shoot Diarrhoea
28. Rauvolfia serpentine (Linn.) Benth. ex Kurz. Apocynaceae Datia Sarpgandha Root Uterine contraction for child birth
Sheopurkalan Sarpgandha Root Uterine contraction for child birth
29. Syzygium heyeanum (Duthie) Wall ex Gamble Myrtaceae Datia Janglijamun Fruit Stomachache
Sheopurkalan Janglijamun Bark Mouth ulcer
30. Tephrosia purpurea (Linn.) Pers. Papilionaceae Datia Sarphonka Leaves Jaundice
Sheopurkalan Sarphunka Root, Leaves Asthma, Mouth ulcer
31. Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wt. & Arn. Combretaceae Datia Arjun Bark Diarrhoea & dysentery, Fracture
Sheopurkalan Kahua, Kuhan Bark, Leaves Asthma & boils, Earache
32. Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers ex Hook. f. & Thoms. Menispermaceae Datia Giloe Whole plant Diabetes
Sheopurkalan Giloe Whole plant Diabetes
33. Withania somnifera (Linn.) Dunal Solanaceae Datia Aswagandha Leaves For joint pain & reduce swelling
Sheopurkalan Aswagandha Leaves For joint pain & reduce swelling
34. Xanthium strumarium Linn. Asteraceae Datia Gokhru Fruit Cold & cough
Sheopurkalan Anderpal, Chirchita Fruit, Leaves Sore throat, Toothache
35. Ziziphus nummulari (Burm. f.) Wt. & Arn. Rhamnaceae Datia Jharberi Leaves Boils
Sheopurkalan Jharberi Leaves Cold & cough

Analysis of inter-district variation in use of medicinal plants- During the comparative study of ethnomedicinal plant species it has been recorded a total of 35 plant species. As a result of comparative study it was observed that 12 plant species are used for the treatment of similar diseases or ailments in Datia & Sheopurkalan district whereas 23 plant species are used for the treatment of dissimilar diseases or ailments in both the study areas. The result is shown in Table 2 & 3.

Table 2: List of Plant species used to treat similar diseases/Ailments in Datia & Sheopurkalan District
S. No. Name of plant species of Datia & Sheopurkalan Diseases/ Ailments treated
1. Bauhinia purpurea Linn. Mouth ulcer, headache
2. Cleome gynandra Linn. Earache
3. Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. Rashes, black spot
4. Lantana camara Linn. Wounds
5. Morus indica Linn. Blood purification
6. Nycthanthes arbor-tristis Linn. Cough
7. Oxalis corniculata Linn. Dysentery
8. Prosopis spicigera Linn. Rheumatism
9. Psidium guajava Linn. Diarrhoea
10. Rauvolfia serpentine (Linn.) Benth. ex Kurz. Uterine contraction for child birth
11. Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers ex Hook. f. &Thoms. Diabetes
12. Withania somnifera (Linn.) Dunal Joint pain & reduce swelling

Table 3: List of Plant species used to treat dissimilar diseases/ ailments in Datia & Sheopurkalan
S.No. Name of Plant Species Disease/ Ailments treated in Datia Disease/ Ailments treated in Sheopurkalan
1. Acalypha indica Linn. Rashes, pimples, burn part Cough
2. Achyranthes aspera Linn. Jaundice Asthma, dysentery
3. Adhatoda vasica Nees. Diarrhoea Cold, cough & constipation
4. Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa Diarrhoea, Diabetes Stomachache, diabetes
5. Ageratum conyzoides Linn. Diarrhoea & Dysentery Eye lotion, wounds
6. Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Wounds Asthma, earache
7. Alternanthera sessilis (Linn.) R. Br. Lactation in cattle Gonorrhoea
8. Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. Discharging pus Dysentery, eczema
9. Cassia tora Linn. Blemish skin, dark spot Cough
10. Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban. Diarrhoea & Dysentery Memory booster
11. Cleome viscosa Linn. Wounds, ulcer Earache
12. Clitoria ternatea Linn. Rheumatism Eye, urinary disorder
13. Cocculu shirsutus (Linn.) Diels. Rheumatism Stomachache
14. Drypetes roxburgii (Wall.) Hurusawa. Headache Fever, rheumatism
15. Echinops echinatus Roxb. Headache Child birth
16. Grewia asiatica Linn. Wounds Rheumatism
17. Indigofera tinctoria Linn. Urinary disorder Nervous disorder
18. Mimusops elengi Linn. Wounds Ulcer
19. Momordica dioica Roxb. ex Willd. Fever Piles
20. Syzygium heyneanum (Duthie) Gamble Stomachache Mouth ulcer
21. Tephrosia purpurea Pers. Jaundice Asthma, Ulcer
22. Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wt & Arn. Diarrhoea & Dysentery, fracture Asthma, boils, earache
23. Zizyphus nummulari (Burm. f.) Wt & Arn. Boils Cold & cough

CONCLUSION- The present study provides information on ethnomedicinal uses of plant species in Datia and Sheopurkalan districts. A total of 35 plant species belonging to 35 genera 26 families have been reported in both the study regions. Ethnomedicinally most important families are Papilionaceae with 3 plant species, Amaranthaceae, Myrtaceae and Euphorbiaceae with 2 plant species each. It shows that more plant species are used to treat dissimilar diseases while less number of plant species is used to treat similar diseases in Datia and Sheopurkalan districts. The reason of inter-district var iation in use of medicinal plants may be geological isolation and dissimilarity of tribal clans. Furthermore, the over-exploitation of plant species for food, fooder, agricultural implements etc. may lead to the decline of these species from the regions. On the basis of present study some recommendation are made for sustainable development and conservation of ethnobotanically useful plant species, such as the people of Sahariya tribe of both the districts should be encouraged to cultivate the medicinal plants in their locality.

REFERENCES
  1. Jain and Shrivastava (2001). Indian ethnobotanical literature in the last two decades. A graphic review and future direction. Ethnobotany, 13: 1-8.
  2. Jain, S.K. (1967). Ethnobotany – Its scope and study. Indian Museum Bull. 2: 39 – 43.
  3. Ford, R.I. (Ed.) (1978). The nature and Status of Ethnobotany Anthropol., Museum of Anthropol. Univ. Michigan.Michigan: Ann Arbor, pp: 67.
  4. Leoporatti M.L. and S. Ivancheva (2003). Comparative analysis of medicinal plants used in the traditional medicine of Bulgaria and Italy. J. Ethnopharmacol, (87): 123-142.
  5. Hart, Kimberly Hamblin and Paul Alon Cox (2000). Cladistic approach to comparative ethnobotany: dye plants of the South Western United States. Journal of Ethnobiology. 20(2):303-325.
  6. Moerman, D.E., R.W. Pemberton, D. Kiefer and B.Berlin (1999).A comparative analysis of five medicinal floras. J. Ethnobiol. 19:49-67.
  7. Maroyi, Alfred and Cheikh Youssef (2015). A comparative study of medicinal plants used in rural areas of Namibia and Zimbabwe. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge. 14 (3):401-406.
  8. Hutton, Kimberly (2010). A comparative study of the plants used for medicinal purposes by the Creek and Seminole tribes. Graduate Thesis and Dissertations.
  9. Ariful Haque Mallik et al. (2010). A comparative analysis of medicinal plants used by folk medicinal healers in three district of Bangladesh. Ethnobotany Research and Applications 8: 195-218.
  10. Vanderbroek, I., P. Van Damme, L. Van Puyvelde, S. Arrazola and N. De Kimpe (2004). A comparison of traditional healers medicinal plant knowledge in the Bolivian Andes and Amazon. Soc. Sci. Med., 59: 837-849.
  11. Gazetter of India, Datia (1999).
  12. Gazetter of India, Morena (1997).
  13. Duthie (1915). The upper gangetic plain Vol I-III.
  14. Silva et al. (2014). Evaluating different methods used in ethnobotanical and ecological studies to record plant biodiversity. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 10: 48.
  15. Abbas, J.A., A.A. El-Oqlahand A.M. Mahasneh (1992). Herbal plants in the traditional medicine of Bahrain. Econ. Bot. 46(2): 158 – 163.
  16. Abera, Balcha (2014). Medicinal plants used in traditional medicine by Oromo people, Ghimbi district, Southwest Ethiopia. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 10: 40.
  17. Alawa, Kamal Singh and Sudip Ray (2012). Ethnomedicinal plants used by tribals of Dhar district, Madhya Pradesh, India. CIB Tech. J. of Pharmaceutical Sci., 1(2-3): 7-15.
  18. Behera, S.K. and M. K. Misra (2005). Indigenous phytotherapy for genito-urinary disorders used by the Kandha tribe of Orissa, India. J. Ethnopaharmacol, 102: 319-325.
  19. Bhattacharya, Mamta, Archana Singh and Chhaya Ramrakhyani (2014). Dalbergia sissoo- An important medicinal plant. Jou. of Med. Plants Studies,2: 76-82.
  20. Binu, Thomas A. and A.Rajendran (2013). Less known ethnomedicinal plants used by Kurichar tribe of Wayanaddist, Southern Western Ghats, Kerala, India. Bot. Res. Int., 6(2): 32–35.
  21. Brij, Lal and K.N.Singh (2008). Indigenous herbal remedies used to cure skin disorders by the natives of Lahaul- Spiti in Himachal Pradesh. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 7: 237-241.
  22. Jadhav, Dinesh (2006). Ethnomedicinal plants used by Bhil tribe of Bibdod, Madhya Pradesh. Ind. J. of Trad. Knowl., 5(2): 263-267.
  23. Jadhav, Dinesh (2011). Ethnomedicinal survey of tribal inhabited localities of Ratlam district (M.P.) in the light of ‘doctorine of signature’. Deep Publication, 23: 121-124.
  24. Jain, Ashok K. and H.O. Sharma (1996). Ethnobiological studies of Sahariyatribe of Central India. In; Ethnobiology in Human Welfare, edited by S.K. Jain, (Deep Publication, New Delhi): 397-99.
  25. Jain, Ashok K. and S.N. Patole (2001). Less known medicinal uses of plants among the tribal and rural communities of Pachmarhi forest (M.P.). Ethnobotany, 13: 96-100.
  26. Jain, Ashok K., Vijay V. Wagh and Chitralekha Kadel (2011). Some ethnomedicinal plant species of Jhabua district, Madhya Pradesh. Ind. J. of Trad. Know.,10(2): 538-540.
       
International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research (IJLSSR) Open Access Policy
Authors/Contributors are responsible for originality, contents, correct references, and ethical issues.
IJLSSR publishes all articles under Creative Commons Attribution- Non-Commercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC).
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode
      
How to cite this article:
Singhal A, Khare RK, Yadav R: Comparative Study of Some Ethnomedicinal Plants among the Tribals of Datia and Sheopurkalan District (M.P.). Int. J. Life. Sci. Scienti. Res., 2017; 3(1): 838-843. DOI:10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.1.15
Source of Financial Support: Nil, Conflict of interest: Nil