Research Article (Open access) |
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ABSTRACT- The aim of the study was to determine the values of selected haematological indices in Gallus gallus domesticus, which is naturally infected with cesode parasites. In spite of the fact that the haematological value of birds (Gallus gallus domesticus) are of clinical significant rate than commercial importance. The total erythrocytes and leukocyte count, haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume were determined. There is a decrease in RBC count i.e (Normal host- 3.98 x 106/µl to infected host-2.96 x 106/µl) and Hb concentration (Normal host- 10.1g/dl to infected host-8.5g/dl). While the total WBC count was increase up to (Normal host- 86.9 x 103/µl to infected host-98.2 x 103/µl) while PCV, MCH, MCV is a decrease in the infected as compare to the normal Gallus gallus domesticus. The study deepens and organizes the knowledge within the possibilities of using and interpreting levels of haematological indicators for monitoring health.
Key-words- Cestode parasite, Gallus gallus domesticus, Haematological parameters
INTRODUCTION
Birds are valuable and useful to humans for many reasons.
The Cestode infection in birds produce droppings of
varying consistency 10-12 days after ingesting infective
eggs or an intermediate host. Heavily infested birds usually
show impaired general condition and are listless, apathetic
with dull, ruffled plumage, loss of their weight, anemia and
leg weakness. The resulting debility may pave the way of
infections and other diseases. Avian cestode faunas in India
have been poorly studied. Only 15 species of tapeworms
have been reported from avian hosts in Western
Maharashtra. The avian cestodes were found for particular
genera such as Davainea, and Cotugnia. We initiated a
study of avian cestode fauna of this region with the goal of
developing an inventory of species diversity for these
poorly known organisms in a region that has received little
attention from Parasitologist.
The present article summarized the overall results of these
collections and documents new information for
host-parasitic distribution of this poorly known avian
cestode fauna [1-2].
The majority of cestode are long, segmented and tape like,
hence called tapeworms. They are flattened dorsoventraly.
Sizes vary from a few millimeters to several meters. Adult
worms are found in the intestinal canal of man and animal.
“Head” is provided with suckers (slit-like or cup-like) and
sometimes with hook, which serve as organs of attachment.
There are three regions in an adult worm: (i) a “head”
(scolex), (ii) a “neck” and (iii) a strobila (a body or trunk)
consisting of a series of segments (proglottides). Sexes are
not separate, i.e., each individual worm is a hermaphrodite.
[3] Body cavity is absent. Alimentary canal is entirely
absent. Excretory and nervous systems are present.
Reproductive system is highly developed and complete in
each segment. Hematological studies are important in
diagnosing the structural and functional status of the body.
Hematology is the study of blood, and its different
components. [4] The vertebrates are inevitable subjected to
various kinds of stresses that may lead to down regulation
of immunity. Hence, to start the development of
infection and diseases may occur Various workers
studied hematological investigation of some animals due
to parasitic infection. (i.e.) on pigeon [5], on Great tit [6],
on local duck [7] of Assam, of normal and infected Capra hircus. [8] By nematode infection and on normal and infected Columba livid parasitized by helminthes infection.
           
                      
                
           
                      
Fig 1: Cestode parasites
                                                                                                   
Fig 2: Cestode parasites attaced to intestine of host
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The present research work is conducted in Depatment of Zoology, P.V.P, College, Pravaranagar in the month of Jan to June-2015, The host examination is about Thirty hosts (Gallus gallus domesticus) were examined and blood was collected through the brachial wing vein and examined for parasitanemia. Then the hosts (Gallus gallus domesticus) were dissected and the intestines were ex-amined for cestode infection. Out of which twelve were found heavily infected and eighteen were normal. The cestode parasites are stored in 4% formalin for further study.
Blood sample Collection:
The blood collected were kept in a bottle containing anticoagulant Solution Ethylene diamine Tetra Acetic Acid i.e. EDTA. Determination of hematological pa-rameters under 5 part cell counter instrument the pa-rameter are Red blood cell count (RBC) packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, white blood cell (WBC) count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and (MCH) main corpuscular hemoglobin were estimated [9].
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Table 1. Showing haematological status Gallus gallus domesticus for normal and infected host due to cestode parasites
No. | Parameters | Normal Host | Host Infected by cestode |
1 | Hb (g/dl) | 10.1 | 08.5 |
2 | RBC (x 106/µl) | 3.98 | 2.96 |
3 | WBC (x103/µl ) | 86.9 | 98.2 |
4 | PCV (%) | 53.3 | 36.3 |
5 | MCH (pg) | 33.8 | 24.6 |
6 | MCV (fl) | 122.5 | 134.5 |
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