ABSTRACT- Reproduction is a vital process provided to all living individuals by the nature itself to reproduce their similar one after death. Channa gachua is used due to easily throughout year availability. Male gonad was removed during different reproductive phases. The nourishing protein contain was recorded by Lowry’s method 660nm during matured male gonad as 0.555 mg/ml. Sertoli cells were observed on their development and parameters were recorded with the help of phase contrast microscope (Phase contrast-Olympus) as total number of Sertoli cells 150±199 in number, diameter of the cell 0.1±0.2m perimeter of the Sertoli Cell 0.1 to 0.01m in matured testis on the colour intensity. Same conditions were used to abnormal male brooder in hatchery the nourishing protein contain was comparatively low about infertile male brooder in matured gonad as 0.467mg/ml. The development of Sertoli cell and its parameter were comparatively low as number of Sertoli cells 99±120, diameter of the cell 0.001±0.005m perimeter of the Sertoli Cell in male brooder. The lesser development of sertoli cell leads to improper development of Sertoli gives insufficient sperms cell count for abnormal fertilization.
Key words- Testis, Ovary, Reproduction, Reproductive phases, Supportive cells, Channa gachua

INTRODUCTION
Reproduction is a vital process provided to all living individuals by the nature itself to reproduce their similar one after death. Channa gachua is used due to easily throughout year availability. Channa gachua is having important as much as Indian major carps. It is a good brooder used in induced breeding process in Chinese hatchery and to bring perceptual breeding in it. Reproductions in any animals are one of the basic functions to propagate the respective population in cyclic manner.
Fishes has got a complicated reproductive behavior very typical embryonic development. Morphologically, healthy testis consists of different organells with the cells lie Sertoli and Leydig’s cells which are really a supportive and functional unit of gonads.
The somatic Sertoli cell in fishes plays an essential role in embryonic determination of a male somatic sex and spermatogenesis during adult life. One individual Sertoli cell sullies a clone of developing germ cells with nutrient and growth factors and it is well established that the number of Sertoli cell. The testes of teleost fishes show greater morphological variation than in other vertebrates [1-3]. In most cases, testes are a pair of elongated structures composed of branching seminiferous tubules embedded in the stroma. The testis consists of thin-walled tubules or lobules that contain germ cells - the spermatogonia- which are endodermal in origin. Germ cells divide in clusters enclosed by a cyst. Primary spermatogonia - the stem cells - which are present throughout the year, divide mitotically to give rise to secondary spermatogonia which get transformed into primary spermatocytes. They divide by meiosis and give rise to spermatids from which spermatozoa are formed. The seminiferous tubules are packed with spermatozoa in the pro-spawning and spawning periods. Vertebrate testis shows a germinal compartment represented by seminiferous tubules (seminiferous lobules), in which two cell types are found: somatic and germinal. Compared to mammals, Sertoli cell supporting capacity in the teleost Nile tilapia is remarkably high [4]. The number of mitotic divisions during spermatogenesis to form primary spermatocytes is also species-specific Schulz et.al. (2002). In mammals, the ratio germinal cells: A Sertoli cell (which expresses the Sertoli cell supporting capacity) is relatively defined for each species [5-7].

MATERIAL AND METHOD
Channa gachua was used for male gonadal study and collected from Godavary River near Aurangabad. Fish was dissected and gonad removed, fixed with help of formal solution as fixative.
The nourishing protein contain was measured by Lowry’s method 660nm during matured male gonad. Sertoli cells were observed on their development and parameters were recorded with the help of phase contrast microscope (Phase contrast-Olympus). Staining of the section made with reagents Haematoxyline and Eosin.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Male gonad was removed during different reproductive phases. The nourishing protein contain was recorded by Lowry’s method 660nm during matured male gonad as 0.555 mg/ml. Sertoli cells were observed on their development and parameters were recorded with the help of phase contrast microscope (Phase contrast-Olympus) as total number of Sertoli cells 150±199 in number, diameter of the cell 0.1±0.2m perimeter of the Sertoli Cell 0.1 to 0.01m in matured testis on the colour intensity.
Same conditions were used to abnormal male brooder in hatchery the nourishing protein contain was comparatively low about infertile male brooder in matured gonad as 0.467mg/ml.The development of Sertoli cell and its parameter were comparatively low as number of Sertoli cells 99±120, diameter of the cell 0.001±0.005m perimeter of the Sertoli Cell in male brooder. The lesser development of sertoli cell leads to improper development of Sertoli gives insufficient spem cell count for abnormal fertilization.

                       
                                 Photo 1. Testis in growing phase                                                                                          Photo 3 - Matured testis phase position in
                                                                                                                                                                                               Channa gachua (Ham-1822)

Fig. 1 Shows Sertoli cells, Ledig’s cell and Semniferus tibule

                       
                 Fig. 2 Shows developing follicles in mature stage of                                                                                                        100X
                                           Female Channa gachua

                       
                           Photo 1. Maturing eggs of Channa gchua                                                                                       Table 1. Shows cell parameter

CONCLUSIONS
Like all mammals teleosts have Sertoli cell and it performs nursing function for developing and developed sperms. It also shows phagocytic function for all debris in the testes due to apoptosis. Improper development of supporting cell of gonads fails to bring proper fertilization. Sometime may tend to infertility also.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This study was carried out in financial support (RGNFS), at the fishery science laboratory at Department of Zoology Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad and Department of Zoology Late Ku. Durga K. banmeru Science College Lonar, Dist. Buldana.

REFERENCES

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2. De Vlaming, V.L., M. Sage and C.B. Charlton, (1974): The effect of melatonin treatment on gonosomatic index in the teleost Fundulus smilis and the tree frog, Hyla cinerea. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol., 22; 433-8.
3. Callard, I.P. et al., (1978): Testicular regulation in non-mammalian vertebrates. Biol. Reprod., 18:16-43.
4. Matta, S.L.P.; D.A.R. Vilela; H.P. Godinho; L.R. França., (2002): The goitrogen 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) given during testis development increases Sertoli and germ cell numbers per cyst in fish: the tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) model. Endocrinology., 143: 970-978.
5. França, L.R. & L.D. Russell (1998): The testis of domestic animals, p: 197-219.
6. Martínez-García, F. Regadera J. (Eds.): Male reproduction: A multidisciplary overview. Madrid, Churchill Communications, 440.
7. Paula M. BizzottI; Hugo P. GodinhoII (2007): Morphometric evaluation of the spermatogenesis in trahira Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch) (Characiformes, Erythrinidae): Rev. Bras. Zool., 24(3), Curitiba.
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