| Research Article (Open access) |
|---|
SSR Inst. Int. J. Life
Sci., 9(3): 3229-3234, May 2023
Effectiveness of VATP on Prevention of Pediculosis
through the Use of Natural Remedies among Mothers of School-Age Children
Ashwini
S Sajjan1*, Daneshwari Hiremath2, Deelip S. Natekar3
1Student, Department of Child Health
Nursing, Shri B.V.V.S Sajjalashree Institute of nursing sciences, Bagalkot,
Karnataka, India
2HOD and Associate Professor, Department of
Child Health Nursing, Shri B.V.V.S Sajjalashree Institute of nursing sciences,
Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
3Principal, Department of Child Health
Nursing, Shri B.V.V.S Sajjalashree Institute of Nursing Sciences, Navanagar,
Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
*Address
for Correspondence: Ashwini Sajjan, Student, Department of Child Health Nursing, Shri
B.V.V.S Sajjalashree Institute of nursing science Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
E-mail:
ashusajjan123@gmail.com
ABSTRACT- Background:
The
child is the stylish creation among God's brutes. The most precious gift is a
healthy child. The children of the moment will shape the India of
hereafter. Head lice infestation is an
ongoing global health issue, particularly among academy-age children. An
ongoing issue with public health on a global scale, particularly with the
academy- age children.
Methods: Total 60 maters are included as the
sample. An accessible slice system was used. A structured knowledge
questionnaire was used to gather information, and Chi-square analysis was used
to uncover the relationship between knowledge about pediculosis forestallment
through the use of natural remedies with socio-demographic factors.
Results: The post-test score was more advanced
than the pre-test knowledge score, at 71.63. Using natural curatives, the VATP
was helpful in precluding Pediculosis to the tune of 33.47 0f the overall
score. The reckoned knowledge t-value (15.84) was significantly advanced than
the table value for the degree of freedom 59 and 0.05% position of significance
(1.96). The videotape-supported tutoring approach was successful as a result.
Conclusion: After evaluation of knowledge on
Pediculosis, it was established that utmost maters had average knowledge
regarding pediculosis forestallment through natural remedies. As a result,
exploration has shown that VATP was relatively helpful in raising awareness of
natural remedies.
Keywords: Effectiveness, Knowledge,
Maters of academy-going children, Natural remedies, Pediculosis
INTRODUCTION-
Pediculosis
is one of the major parasitic infections that affects children. It's a
ubiquitous parasitic skin complaint of the hair on the head. Human capitis
cause it, it leads to itching of the crown due to live lice present in the hair
or lice eggs fixed to hair shafts. Direct contact with sick people, their
apparel, or particular effects results in transmission.[1]
Pediculosis
is transmitted through combs, skirmishes, apkins, hair accessories,
headdresses, caps, capelet, jacket, and effects worn on the hair at home and on
playgrounds, at the academy, and in all other settings where children interact
freely. Pointers of a lice infestation include itching, flakes of skin that act
as dandruff stuck in the hair, and the commotion of an acarid crawling on the
crown.[2]
According
to an 11-time study by the Israel Defence Forces, head lice infestations were
loftiest on the morning of each academy time, in the warmer and summer months.
The number of children who missed a normal of four to five days of academy due
to habitual infestation with head lice was more advanced than the number of children
in whom parents didn't describe lice. [3]
Pediculosis
is parasitic and seeks out the mortal organism as a host. Infestation with head
lice is called pediculosis capitis. The louse is a blood-stinking organism that
requires about five refections per day. It's generally set up on the crown
behind the cognizance and near the décolleté at the base of the crown. It's a
worldwide problem that occurs in both developed and developing counties.[4]
Head
lice do in people of all periods but are most common in children between 6 and
12 because they partake in their things more frequently and play nearly
together. Girls are double as likely to be overrun as boys. It's an
oppressively itchy infestation of lice set up in the hair of the head. The
inflexibility of Pediculosis is manifested by crown itching, sleep
disturbances, mild fever, conjunctivitis, alopecia, bacterial infections,
blisters, impetigo, pocks, and blowup of the neck gland [5].
To
control Pediculosis with natural effective home remedies (ginger, neem oil
painting, olive oil painting, anise oil painting, tea tree oil, and melted
adulation) to treat head lice infestation, the result shows that utmost home
remedies hardly kill the eggs despite prolonged exposure to water, indicating
that killing the lice by privation of oxygen is inadequate.[6]
Several
home cures promise to treat head lice. Still, there needs to be more scientific
evidence to support their efficacity and safety. Numerous treatments have
yielded thorough issues. They concur that a person might borrow a non-medical
system to lessen the spread of lice and stop them from returning after using
home lice cures. [7]
The
neem factory is among the most adaptable and practical shops in actuality.
Natural goods have been used as traditional remedies thousands of times, and
interest in them has recently grown due to their generally cheaper cost and
perceived lower toxin by the general public. [8]
MATERIALS
AND METHODS
Study design- A pre-experimental design was chosen
for the present study, i.e. a group with pretest and post-test. 60 maters from
Gaddanakeri vill in Bagalkot were included in the sample. The area was
aimlessly named and the sample for the study was aimlessly named.
Setting of the study- The exploration was conducted in
named Gaddanakeri areas of Bagalkot. It's nearly 15km from the Sajjalashree
Institute of Nursing Science Bagalkot and was named grounded on the vacuity of
maters of academy-going children.
Participants- The sample consists of 60 maters of
academy-going children abiding in Gaddanakeri Bagalkot.
Sampling technique- The area (vill) was aimlessly named,
and the samples for the study were aimlessly drawn. Total 60 maters of
academy-going children were included in the sample.
Description of the data collection instrument
The
instrument for the present study consists of 2 sections:
Section
I- Socio-demographic
Performa
Section
II- Structured questionnaire to assess the knowledge regarding pediculosis
forestallment through natural remedies-
In 28 particulars, each item was followed with 4 options. The '1'mark was given
for opting for the correct option, and the '0'mark was given for opting for the
wrong option.
Statistical
Analysis- Information
was examined statistically using SPSS 18. Data were first entered into a
Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and moved to SPSS. Descriptive and deducible
analysis was used to organize and interpret the data to determine the
relationship between the variables.
Ethical Consideration- An instrument of ethical
authorization was attained from the institution's ethical committee.
RESULT-
Percentage-wise
distribution of women according to their age group reveals that most maters
(45%) belong to the age group of 20-25 years.40% of mater had primary.40% of
maters are employees. 43% of maters had an income 10000-15000. 80% of women
belong to the nuclear family. 100% of women belong to nuclear family (Table 1).
Table
1:
Percentage-wise majority of the distribution according to sample
characteristics
|
Sample characteristics |
Scores |
Category |
Subjects |
|
|
Frequency |
Percentage |
|||
|
Age
of mother |
1 |
20-25
year |
27 |
45 |
|
|
2 |
25-30
year |
18 |
30 |
|
|
3 |
30-35
year |
12 |
20 |
|
|
4 |
Above
35 |
3 |
5 |
|
Education of mother |
1 |
Primary |
24 |
40 |
|
|
2 |
Secondary |
18 |
30 |
|
|
3 |
Graduate |
6 |
10 |
|
|
4 |
Illiterate |
12 |
20 |
|
Occupation of mother |
1 |
Coolie |
6 |
10 |
|
|
2 |
Government
|
24 |
40 |
|
|
3 |
Employee
|
12 |
20 |
|
|
4 |
Housewife |
26 |
43 |
|
|
|
Business |
26 |
43 |
|
Family
income |
1 |
10000-15000 |
24 |
40 |
|
|
2 |
15000-20000 |
10 |
17 |
|
|
3 |
20000 above |
48 |
80 |
|
Type of religion |
1 |
Hindu |
12 |
20 |
|
|
2 |
Muslim |
36 |
60 |
|
Type of Family |
1 |
Nuclear |
24 |
40 |
|
|
2 |
Joint |
60 |
100 |
|
Area of residence |
1 |
Rural |
- |
0 |
|
|
2 |
Urban |
12 |
20 |
|
Number
of children |
1 |
Only one |
27 |
45 |
|
|
2 |
Two |
12 |
35 |
|
|
3 |
More
than two |
- |
- |
In the retest, of the 60 meters of the academy
children, utmost (35) had poor knowledge, followed by (17) with good knowledge,
(5) with veritably poor knowledge, (3) with veritably good knowledge, and (0)
with excellent knowledge regarding the forestallment of Pediculosis through the
use of natural remedies (Table
2). Still, after the VATP (posttest) was given, 51.6 of
maters had veritably good knowledge, followed by 23.3 of maters with good
knowledge, 21.6 of maters with excellent knowledge, the smallest chance being
3.3 and 0 having veritably poor knowledge regarding the use of natural remedies
to help Pediculosis (Table
2).
Table 2: Chance-wise distribution of study maters
of academy-going children according to the position of knowledge in retest and
post-test
|
Position of
knowledge |
Pre-test |
Post-test |
||
|
Number of
replies chance |
Percentage |
Number of
replies chance |
Percentage
(%) |
|
|
Excellent Veritably good Good Poor Veritably poor Total |
0 3 17 35 5 60 |
0 5 28.3 58.3 8.4 100 |
13 31 14 2 0 60 |
21.8 51.6 23.3 3.3 0 100 |
Given
that the calculated 't'-value (15.84) for the hypothesis is much advanced than
the t value (1.96) from table: H1: Mothers pre-test and post-test knowledge
scores on pediculosis forestalment using natural curatives change
significantly. Results revealed a significant difference in knowledge
situations between the pre-test and post-test, indicating that the videotape
instruction programme was effective (Table 3).
Table 3: Significant difference between the
pre-test knowledge and post-test knowledge scores of maters
|
Test |
Mean |
Mean Diff. |
SD Diff |
Paired
‘t-test value |
Table value |
|
Pre-test (O2) Post-test (O2) |
11.41 20.45 |
9.04 |
0.74 |
15.84 |
1.96 |
According
to the findings, there was no relationship between maters post-test knowledge
scores and their age, education, occupation, family income, type of family,
religion, place of residence, number of children (Table 4).
Table
4: Association
between post-test knoweldge scores and named socio-demographic variables
|
Exploration variable |
Chi-square
value |
Table value |
position of
significance |
Association |
|
Parents Age Education of
mother Religion of
parents Type of family Family monthly
income Occupation of
mother Area of residence Number of
children |
0.59 0.66 0.54 0.04 0.80 0.86 0.86 0.80 |
3.84 3.84 3.84 3.84 3.84 3.84 3.84 3.84 |
0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 |
NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS |
p<0.05
Two-tailed; NS-Not significant; DF- Degree of freedom=1
Out of 55 investigations
that Norman G did to establish the prevalence of head lice infection over the
world, 29 of them were focused on school-aged children. In Asia, headlice
incidence rates ranged from 0.7% to 59%, whereas in Europe, it was more common
in girls and women. In contrast to the Americas, which varied from 3.6% to
61.4%, the prevalence ranged from 0.1% to 58.9%.[9]
The expertise and
practises of paediatricians in preventing and treating head lice were the
subject of a second study by Fancelli et al. [11]. The
study's findings showed that family paediatrician's clinical practises for
treating head lice were investigated worldwide. [10]
Another study
investigated the effectiveness of natural remedy like neem oil as a
pediculicide. The natural treatment was successful in 60 children (92.2%). The
study found that using a natural cure to treat a lice infestation was very
successful.
936 people participated
in a structured training session in a Goa semi-urban community. The results
showed that 13.1% of children under 4 years old, 55% aged 5 to 14, and 17.3% of
adults aged 25 to 39 were infested.[12]
This study investigated
the prevalence of head lice. The sample included 300 children who attended
consultation over 2 months. In this 6-to-8-year-old
age group, the infestation was 30%, and in the 10-year-old age group, the
infestation was 16%. These results indicate a high-head lice infestation,
especially in early school. [13]
In vivo, the
pediculicidal efficacy of a home cure was the subject of one investigation.
Over three weeks, the youngsters with the infestation received two applications
of the coconut oil-based home cure on their hair. Each session lasted thirty
minutes. The natural treatment did not have any negative side effects and
successfully reduced the lice infestation.[14]
The corresponding research investigation was carried
out using relevant samples to determine the prevalence and epidemiological
parameters related to Pediculosis capitis infestation among 1402 pupils from 3
elementary schools. The finding revealed that 224 samples had Pediculus humanus
capitis infestation, corresponding to a 15.98% widespread infestation rate.[15]
A similar study determined how often 95,153 school pupils in rural and urban
areas had Pediculosis capitis infestations. Overall, there was a substantial
difference in the prevalence of Pediculosis capitis infestation between rural
(1.59%) and urban (0.48%) schools. The findings show that pediculosis capitis
is still an issue in various contexts.[16]
The frequency of headlice infestation was investigated
in this study. 300 kids that attended OPD for two months made up the sample.
30% of children aged 6 to 8 and 16% aged 10 were infested. The finding shows a
significant head lice infestation. [17]
Neem oil was
used in the research study to treat lice. Neem preparations are now employed
worldwide to combat migrating locusts and other insect pests because of their
toxicological safety, low manufacturing cost, favourable ecotoxicological
qualities, and ease of tree production (Azadirachta indica) in tropical
climates.[18]
The antibacterial exertion of Karanj and Neem seed oil
painting in vitro was estimated in an analogous study against 14 types of
dangerous bacteria. The pathogens were set up to be inhibited by Karanj and
Neem canvases at 500 microl/ml, 14.28 and 71.42 at 125 microl/ml, and 28.57 and
7.14 at 250 microl/ml, independently, using the tube dilution fashion. Both
canvases have bactericidal action that was innocent by heat or energy.[19]
Neem oil, according to Medic Magic, is a vegetable oil
made from the seeds of the evergreen tree A. indica. Neem oil often has
a light to dark brown color, a bitter flavor, and a potent odour claimed to the
flavours of garlic and peanuts. It mostly consists of triglycerides and
contains sizable amounts of bitter triterpenoid chemicals.[20]
Another study
examined the effectiveness of neem seed extract shampoo in treating head lice
in 60 naturally-infested kids. The study aimed to evaluate effectiveness
throughout three different periods (10,15 and 30 minutes). Shampoo should be
thoroughly applied to wet hair and massaged into the scalp's surface. The
results indicate that the shampoo containing neem seed extract successfully
treated headlice at all stages. The exposure times of 10, 15, and 30 minutes
showed no differences. [21]
Thus, research
demonstrated that VATP will very helpful in enhancing mothers' aware of the
natural remedies and prevention of Pediculosis.
CONTRIBUTION
OF AUTHORS
Research
concept: Ashwini Sajjan and Daneshwari H
Research
Design: Ashwini Sajjan and Daneshwari H
Supervision:
Daneshwari H
Data
collection: Ashwini Sajjan
Data
analysis and interpretation: Daneshwari H
Literature
search: Ashwini Sajjan
Writing
article: Ashwini Sajjan
Critical
review: Dr. Deelip S. Natekar
Article
editing: Daneshwari H
Final
Approval: Dr. Deelip S. Natekar
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